Exploring health and social care providers’ perceptions of Roma women and their families in Greece: Mixed-method insights from the REACH project

The Roma community in Greece has a rich cultural heritage that dates back for centuries. Unfortunately, they have also faced significant challenges and discrimination. To build a stronger Roma community in Greece, it is crucial to understand the issues they face and work towards empowering them.

This academic study, part of the REACH (Roma women's Empowerment and fighting discrimination in ACcess to Health) initiative, investigates how healthcare and social care providers in Greece perceive and treat Roma—particularly Roma women, who face layered discrimination.

Using both surveys and in-depth interviews with professionals across various Greek regions, the researchers uncovered a troubling contrast: while many healthcare providers reported feeling confident in their ability to serve Roma patients, the qualitative interviews revealed a more complex and concerning reality. Despite the providers' self-assuredness, there were persistent stereotypes that influenced their perceptions and interactions with these communities. This was particularly evident in discussions surrounding women's sexual and reproductive health, an area that requires not only medical knowledge but also cultural sensitivity and understanding.

The surveys indicated that a significant number of healthcare professionals believed they were well-equipped to address the needs of Roma patients, citing training and experience as key factors in their confidence. However, the in-depth interviews painted a starkly different picture. Many professionals admitted that their training did not adequately prepare them for the unique cultural dynamics and historical contexts of the Roma community. As a result, they often found themselves grappling with ingrained biases and assumptions that affected their ability to provide equitable care.

Communication barriers emerged as a significant theme during the interviews. Many healthcare providers acknowledged that language differences and a lack of familiarity with Roma customs contributed to misunderstandings. For instance, discussions about sensitive topics such as sexual health and reproductive rights were often fraught with discomfort, leading to inadequate consultations and a lack of trust from the Roma patients. This hesitance was exacerbated by cultural misunderstandings, where providers might inadvertently impose their own values and beliefs rather than respecting the cultural norms of the Roma community.

Moreover, the interviews highlighted the need for targeted training programs that address not only the medical aspects of care but also the cultural competencies necessary to engage effectively with Roma patients. Providers expressed a desire for more resources and support to help bridge the gap between their professional training and the realities faced by Roma women, particularly in navigating issues related to reproductive health. This includes understanding the historical context of discrimination that Roma individuals have faced within the healthcare system, which has created a legacy of mistrust that can hinder effective communication and care.

In conclusion, while the initial confidence reported by healthcare providers suggests a willingness to engage with Roma patients, the deeper insights gained from interviews reveal significant challenges that must be addressed. It is essential for healthcare systems to implement comprehensive training that fosters cultural awareness and sensitivity, ultimately leading to improved health outcomes for Roma women and their families.

The study concluded that systemic bias, registration difficulties, and lack of trust continue to limit Roma women’s access to healthcare. It calls for targeted, culturally informed interventions to eliminate these barriers and improve health equity.